Lockheed Martin Corp.LMT

Tax and financial reporting · Financial reporting and accounting standards

The accounting for some of our most significant activities is based on judgments and estimates, which are complex and subject to many variables. For example, accounting for sales using the percentage-of-completion cost-to-cost method requires that we assess risks and make assumptions regarding future schedule, cost, technical and performance issues for thousands of contracts.

Industry regulation · Regulatory compliance and changes

We must comply with extensive laws and regulations relating to the award, administration and performance of U.S. Government contracts. Government contract laws and regulations affect how we do business with our customers and impose certain risks and costs on our business. A violation of these laws and regulations by us, our employees, others working on our behalf, a supplier or a joint venture partner could harm our reputation and result in the imposition of fines and penalties, the termination of our contracts, suspension or debarment from bidding on or being awarded contracts.

Industry regulation · Safety and environmental regulations

We are subject to federal, state, local and foreign requirements for the protection of the environment, including those for discharge of hazardous materials and remediation of contaminated sites. Due in part to the complexity and pervasiveness of these requirements, we are a party to or have property subject to various lawsuits, proceedings, and remediation obligations.

Human capital and workforce · Key personnel dependence and succession

Due to the national security nature of our work, our performance is also dependent upon personnel who hold security clearances and receive substantial training to work on certain programs or tasks and can be difficult to replace on a timely basis if we experience unplanned attrition.

Project and contract management · Large contract concentration

The F-35 program, which consists of multiple development, production and sustainment contracts, is our largest program and represented 27% of our total consolidated sales in 2025. A decision by the U.S. Government, international partners, or FMS customer countries to cut spending on this program or reduce or delay planned orders may have an adverse impact on our business and results of operations.

Human capital and workforce · Labor relations and union negotiations

Additionally, approximately 19% of our workforce is comprised of employees that are covered by collective bargaining agreements with various unions. If we encounter difficulties with renegotiations or renewals of collective bargaining arrangements or are unsuccessful in those efforts, we could incur additional costs and experience work stoppages.

Economic and market conditions · Economic recession and downturns

Although we believe defense spending is more resilient to adverse macroeconomic conditions than many other industrial sectors, our suppliers and other partners, many of which are more exposed to commercial markets or have fewer resources, may be adversely impacted to a more significant degree than we are by an economic downturn.

Natural and catastrophic events · Pandemic and public health crises

We face a wide variety of risks related to public health crises, epidemics, pandemics or similar events. If a new health epidemic or outbreak were to occur, we could experience broad and varied effects similar to the impact of COVID-19, including adverse impacts to our workforce and supply chain, inflationary pressures and increased costs, schedule or production delays.

Geopolitical and trade · Government funding and budget changes

A reduction in overall U.S. defense spending, on an absolute or inflation-adjusted basis, because of shifting priorities, budget compromises or otherwise could adversely affect our business. Budget uncertainty, extended or repeated U.S. Government shutdowns, the use of continuing resolutions, and the federal debt ceiling can adversely affect our industry and both the quantum and timing of funding for our programs.

Economic and market conditions · Inflation and deflation pressures

Heightened levels of inflation and the potential worsening of macroeconomic conditions, including slower growth or recession, changes to fiscal and monetary policy, tighter credit, higher interest rates and currency fluctuations, present risks for us, our suppliers and the stability of the broader defense industrial base.

International and currency · Foreign exchange and currency exposure

International sales present risks that are different and potentially greater than those encountered in our U.S. business. In 2025, 28% of our total sales were associated with international customers. International sales are subject to numerous political and economic factors, including changes in foreign national priorities, foreign government budgets, global economic conditions, and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

Capital structure and performance · Dividend policy and capital allocation

Cash dividend payments and share repurchases are subject to limitations under applicable laws and the discretion of our Board of Directors and are determined after considering then-existing conditions, including earnings, other operating results and capital requirements and cash deployment alternatives.

Capital structure and performance · Financial performance volatility

Our profitability and cash flow may vary materially depending on the types of government contracts undertaken, the nature of products produced or services performed under those contracts, the costs incurred in performing the work, the achievement of other performance objectives and the stage of performance at which the right to receive fees is determined, particularly under award and incentive-fee contracts.

Market and investment · Interest rate and yield curve risk

Higher interest rates increase the borrowing costs on new debt and could affect the fair value of our investments. Interest rates also impact our pension obligations. For example, higher interest rates reduce the measure of our gross pension obligations while lower interest rates increase it.

International and currency · International operations and emerging markets

International sales present risks that are different and potentially greater than those encountered in our U.S. business. International sales are subject to numerous political and economic factors, including changes in foreign national priorities, foreign government budgets, global economic conditions, and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, the possibility of trade sanctions and other government actions, regulatory requirements, and significant competition.

Customer and revenue · Changing customer preferences and behavior

Our customers' requirements change and evolve regularly. Accordingly, our future performance depends, in part, on our ability to adapt to changing customer needs rapidly, identify emerging technological trends, develop and manufacture innovative products and services efficiently and bring those offerings to market quickly at cost-effective prices.

Innovation and product development · Product development and randd investment risks

Our future success in delivering innovative and affordable solutions to our customers relies, in part, on our multi-year business transformation initiative that seeks to significantly enhance our digital infrastructure to increase efficiencies and collaboration throughout our business while reducing costs. This digital transformation effort requires substantial investment and if we are unable to successfully implement the strategy or do so in a timely manner, our results of operations and future competitiveness may be adversely affected.

Cybersecurity and data protection · Data breaches and cyber attacks

As an aerospace and defense company, we face a multitude of security threats, including cybersecurity threats ranging from attacks common to most industries, such as ransomware and denial-of-service, to attacks from more advanced and persistent, highly organized adversaries, including nation state actors, some of which target the U.S. defense industrial base and other critical infrastructure sectors.

Cybersecurity and data protection · Third party data security and vendors

Our customers (including sites that we operate and manage for our customers), suppliers, subcontractors, joint venture partners and acquired entities that we do not fully integrate face similar security threats and an incident at one of these entities could adversely impact our business. Breaches in our multi-tiered supply chain, which is comprised of thousands of direct and indirect suppliers, have and could in the future compromise our data and adversely affect customer deliverables.

Digital transformation and innovation · Technology obsolescence and evolution

If we fail in our development projects, if our new products or technologies fail to achieve customer acceptance, if competitors develop more capable technologies or offerings or develop new technologies or offerings or deliver existing offerings faster, or if stakeholders perceive our company as being slow to adapt, lacking in innovation or inconsistently delivering results, we may be unsuccessful in obtaining new contracts.