Twist Bioscience Corporation Common Stock

Information management · Technology vendor dependence

We depend on certain technologies that are licensed to us. We do not control these technologies and any loss of our rights to them could prevent us from selling our products. Our rights to use the technology we license are subject to the negotiation of, continuation of and compliance with the terms of those licenses.

Digital transformation and innovation · Technology implementation and upgrades

As we continue to grow our business, we will need to implement new systems and software successfully, otherwise our business and our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected. We will need to invest in improvements to our operational and IT systems and processes, including improvements to prevent increasingly sophisticated cybersecurity incidents.

Stakeholder relations · Investor relations and market confidence

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or publish negative reports about our business, our share price and trading volume could decline. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our shares or change their opinion of our shares, our share price would likely decline.

Reputation and brand · Esg environmental social governance performance

Increasing scrutiny and evolving expectations around corporate responsibility practices, specifically related to environmental, social and governance matters, from investors, lenders, customers, government regulators and other market participants may impose additional costs and expose us to reputational and other risks.

Supply chain and procurement · Transportation and logistics disruption

Delivery of our products could be delayed or disrupted by factors beyond our control, and we could lose customers as a result. We rely on third-party carriers for the timely delivery of our products and are subject to carrier disruptions and increased costs that are beyond our control.

Human capital and workforce · Talent acquisition and retention

We may be unable to successfully recruit and maintain adequate sales, marketing and other support personnel in order to increase our market share and expand our customer base. It takes six to nine months to recruit, onboard and ramp sales personnel to full capability.

Supply chain and procurement · Raw material availability and cost volatility

We must continue to secure and maintain sufficient and stable supplies of raw materials. Any shortage of raw materials or materials necessary for our production capabilities may adversely affect our business. As we grow, our existing suppliers may not be able to meet our increasing demand.

Core operations · Capacity utilization and efficiency

We may not be able to scale our manufacturing capacity to meet future demand, which could harm our business. While we believe our current manufacturing capacity is sufficient to meet existing customer demand, we cannot predict the volume of demand we will face in the future.

Human capital and workforce · Key personnel dependence and succession

We depend on the continuing efforts of our senior management team and other key personnel, including our scientific and engineering personnel. If we lose members of our senior management team or other key personnel or are unable to successfully retain, recruit and train qualified researchers, engineering and other personnel, our ability to develop our products could be harmed.

Industry regulation · Professional standards and certifications

Certain of our potential customers may require that we become certified under the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988. If our customers require a CLIA certification, we will have to continually expend time, money and effort to ensure that we meet the applicable quality and safety requirements.

Legal and litigation · Intellectual property disputes

We may be involved in lawsuits to protect or enforce our patents and proprietary rights, to determine the scope, coverage and validity of others' proprietary rights, or to defend against third party claims of intellectual property infringement that could require us to spend significant time and money.

Tax and financial reporting · Tax compliance and changes in tax law

The enactment of legislation implementing changes in taxation of international business activities, the adoption of other corporate tax reform policies, or changes in tax legislation or policies could impact our future financial position and results of operations. Recently, in July 2025, the U.S. government enacted The One Big Beautiful Bill Act which includes a broad range of tax reform provisions.

International and currency · Foreign exchange and currency exposure

Doing business internationally creates operational and financial risks for our business. During our fiscal years ended September 30, 2025, 2024 and 2023, 42%, 40% and 40%, respectively, of our revenue was generated from customers located outside of the United States. International sales entail risks including longer payment cycles, currency exchange fluctuations, and unexpected changes in legislative or regulatory requirements.

Capital structure and performance · Dividend policy and capital allocation

We have never paid dividends on our capital stock and we do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future. Consequently, any gains from an investment in our common stock will likely depend on whether the price of our common stock increases.

Credit and liquidity · Access to capital and financing

We may require additional financing to achieve our goals, and such additional financing may not be available acceptable terms, or at all, which could have an adverse effect on our business. We have incurred net losses since our inception, and we anticipate net losses and negative operating cash flows for the near future.

Capital structure and performance · Financial performance volatility

Our quarterly and annual operating results and cash flows have fluctuated in the past and might continue to fluctuate, causing the value of our common stock to decline substantially. Numerous factors, many of which are outside our control, may cause or contribute to significant fluctuations in our quarterly and annual operating results.

Customer and revenue · Customer concentration and key customer dependence

Our revenue, results of operations, cash flows and reputation in the marketplace may suffer upon the loss of a limited number of large customers. We have derived, and believe we may continue to derive, a significant portion of our revenues from a limited number of large customers.

Customer and revenue · Revenue concentration in specific products or segments

We are substantially dependent on the success of our synthetic DNA products. Substantially all of our revenue generated to date is from our synthetic DNA products. Our financial results are dependent on strengthening our synthetic biology and NGS product groups while diversifying into other developing sectors.

Strategic execution · Merger acquisition and divestiture risks

We may engage in strategic transactions, including acquisitions, collaborations, or investments in other companies or technologies, that could disrupt our business, cause dilution to our stockholders, reduce our financial resources, or prove not to be successful.

Innovation and product development · Intellectual property protection and infringement

Our ability to protect our intellectual property and proprietary technology through patents and other means is uncertain. We own or exclusively in-license over 200 issued or allowed patents and more than 250 pending patent applications as of September 30, 2025, but we cannot offer any assurances about which patents will issue or whether any issued patents will be found invalid and unenforceable.